Arm speed

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Feb 3, 2010
5,767
113
Pac NW
I'd say the best drills to improve arm speed are those that promote efficient whip and a strong drive. The overall arm circle speed has little to do with the resulting speed of the ball--other than how it is timed in the drive and into the plant. The last quarter (or so) is where most of our speed comes from and anything that can be done to maximize drive and whip are much more important than how fast the arm can windmill. To further maximize the overall motion, exercises to build core strength can add to a more powerful drive and efficient whip. The IR in the Classroom and Drive Mechanics threads are great places to start.
 
Jul 10, 2014
1,283
0
C-bus Ohio
To add to the discussion, the old standard: The Steadman Hawkins report

Elbow contributes 4% of velocity, hand 1%. Also, shows the arm speed. Scroll through the pages. I would love more analysis on the charts in here:

Softball Pitching at the 1996 Olympic Games

I am not sure this is the full report, may be available elsewhere?


Found the scholarly article: "Kinematics and kinetics of elite windmill softball pitching." The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 34.4 (Apr. 2006): p597.

http://www.esaabb.org/docs/Windmill-Kinematics.pdf
 
Apr 23, 2014
389
43
East Jabib
Found the scholarly article: "Kinematics and kinetics of elite windmill softball pitching." The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 34.4 (Apr. 2006): p597.

http://www.esaabb.org/docs/Windmill-Kinematics.pdf

Uh oh - the title of the article "....elite windmill softball pitching" and the figure contained within which seems to illustrate palm down push through to HE finish seem to be contradictory. Surely this means the study is flawed. :p

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Jul 10, 2014
1,283
0
C-bus Ohio
Could we discuss why so much time is spent on the last 1/4 of the circle when it only contributes 4 (5)%? I would say that part is important for movement versus non-movement pitches as the pitcher needs to get good spin (which could account for the elbow contribution being higher on some pitchers in the study). But it seems for the FB, all that work on 1/4 snaps for 5%?

Can someone figure if the upper quarter does anything (does 'elbow snap' per the study include the upper 1/4?) or is it all the push off the plate and landing?

It doesn't say that 4% comes from the last 90 deg of rotation. I think the 4% refers to the angle of the elbow: "These seven measurements: 1) shoulder extension at stride foot contact, 2) shoulder abduction at stride foot contact, 3) knee angle at stride foot contact, 4) stride length, 5) stride angle, 6) elbow angle at release and 7) hip angle at release are important predictors of shoulder stress." This section refers to the injury results, but if you compare the graphs of elbow angle and speed, you can see a bit of correlation. I wish I had the raw data for this.

Here's the implication that IR, the whip, and the last 90 deg are hugely important to velocity: "At the instant of ball release, pitchers with great arm speeds tended to have lower ball velocities. Therefore, it appears that the arm circle needs to slow down prior to ball release for optimal ball speed."
 

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