Some rules to Ponder.......

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Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


271. The bases are loaded with one out. F1 catches a hard hit ball on the short hop, as R3 falls down when she leaves first base. F3 a) tags the fallen R3, then tags first base to retire the batter-runner, or b) tags first base to retire the batter-runner, and then tags the fallen F3. In both cases, R1 touches home plate before the third out is made.

Ruling - LIVE BALL and a DOUBLE PLAY in both situations. In a), R1's run does not count because the third out is a FORCE PLAY. A force play is, among other things, a play on the batter-runner at first base. In b), R1's run counts because the third out on R3 is a TIME PLAY, not a force out. For a given runner, a force play ends when a following runner is put out. (3.FORCE PLAY, p 21)

NOTE - the USSSA Fastpitch rules book specifically includes a play on the batter-runner at first base in its definition of a force play

272. The bases are loaded with less than two outs when the batter hits the ball above the infield. The umpires incorrectly fail to call or signal "Infield Fly, the batter is out." The ball settles in fair territory. All of the runners advance one base and the batter-runner reaches first base safely. After the play is over, the defensive coach protests that the batter-runner should be out.

Ruling - LIVE BALL and all runner advances (other than the batter-runner) STAND. When an infield fly is not signaled or called, the batter-runner may be declared out if brought to the umpire's attention before the next pitch. It is the responsibility of the defense and offense to be aware of the situation, as well as the umpires (8.17.H NOTE)

273. R1 is on second base with one out. The playing field has painted out of play lines instead of fences. F7 catches a fly ball in live ball territory and then carries the ball out of play. R1 tags up and advances toward third base. F7 throws the ball to F5, who tags R1 before she reaches third base.

Ruling - this is a CATCH AND CARRY and the ball is DEAD; the batter-runner is OUT, and all runners are awarded one base. Runners are awarded one base if a fielder unintentionally carries a live ball into dead-ball territory (8.14.D.5, p 48)

274. The batter, in an attempt to swing at a pitched ball, steps backward toward the catcher. Both the batter's feet are in the batter's box when contact is made between the bat and the catcher's glove during an attempted swing.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL and OBSTRUCTION is called and signaled. At the conclusion of the play, the offensive coach is given the OPTION of:

i) the RESULT OF THE PLAY, or

ii) the PENALTY - the batter is awarded first base, and other runners are advanced only if forced

CATCHER OBSTRUCTION is ignored if the batter-runner reaches first base AND all other runners advance at least one base

(8.4.E, p 43)

275. B1 leads off the inning with a walk. As she touches first base, a) in a continuous motion she steps off first base into foul territory, b) in a continuous motion she steps on and past first base toward the outfield, c) in a continuous motion she makes one step toward second base and stops, or d) she stops on first base and then steps off the base in any direction. F2 throws the ball to F3, who tags the batter-runner while she is off base.

Ruling - the ball is LIVE when the batter becomes a batter-runner as a result of a walk.

In a) and b), the batter-runner is SAFE. A player who is awarded first base on a base on balls may continue on down the first base line after touching first base and immediately return without liability of being put out, if there is no feint or attempt to advance to second base

In c) and d), the batter-runner is OUT because in c) her step toward second base is considered an attempt to advance, and in d) she attained first base and stayed there momentarily before stepping off base

(8.10 NOTE 2, p 45-46)



QUICKIE QUIZ:

What occurs at the pregame conference?


There is NO REQUIREMENT that the head coach attend the Pregame conference (see item #3 below). At least one adult coach must attend. NO BALLS SHOULD BE THROWN OR HIT DURING THE MEETING.

1) Lineup cards are exchanged and accepted by the plate umpire
2) Ground rules are discussed
3) The head coach must be identified (if is generally the person at the plate meeting, but by rule they are not required to attend)
4) Each team's attendee must verify "legally and properly equipped"
5) If necessary, a coin flip occurs
6) Time starts when the plate meeting ends
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


276. R1 is on second base and R2 is on first base with no outs. B3 hits a pitched ball to the outfield for a base hit. As B3 rounds first base, she decides to advance to second base as F7's throw is relayed to F2 in an attempt to retire R1. B3 is obstructed by F4 and is forced to scramble back to first base even though she is not played on.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL is signaled and OBSTRUCTION should be called at the time of the infraction. If the obstructed runner is put out prior to reaching the base that they would have reached had there been no obstruction, the ball is DEAD IMMEDIATELY. If the runner fails to attain a base or bases because of the obstruction AND is not put out, a dead ball is declared at the end of the play and the Umpire shall award her such base(s). If other runners are forced by the award to the obstructed runner, they are also advanced

In this case, even though the runner fails to proceed to second base after the OBS, if the umpire's judgment is that she would have made second base without the OBS, she is awarded that base. For example, a runner who is knocked down rounding first base and limps back to first base hurting is not required to attempt to advance to second base in order to be awarded the base

(8.13 EFFECT, p 46)

277. B1 leads off the inning and hits a pitched ball on the ground. B1 beats out the F6's throw but misses the bag in crossing first base. Even though F3 catches the ball while in contact with the base, the base umpire rules B1 "Safe".

Ruling - CORRECT RULING and MECHANICS by the base umpire. When a runner passes a base, the runner is considered to have touched the base for purposes of awarded bases.

Missing a base is an APPEAL PLAY. In order for the umpire to acknowledge and rule on B1's baserunning violation, the defense must make a valid appeal by holding the ball at the base or tagging the runner BEFORE SHE RETURNS to the missed base; part of the appeal is some indication by the defense that they are making an appeal

The runner is considered SAFE until such an appeal is made (8.6.D, p 44; 9.2, p 54)

278. A bounding ball touches first, second or third base and then rolls into foul territory where it is picked up by a fielder.

Ruling - LIVE BALL and FAIR. A batted ball which touches first, second or third bases is fair (3.FAIR BALL.C, p 20)

279. The batter is standing with part of her foot on the line and part outside the line a) prior to the start of the pitch, or b) when the ball is contacted by the bat.

Ruling - in a), ILLEGAL. Prior to the pitch, the batter must have both feet completely in the batter's box. The batter may touch the lines, but no part of the foot may be outside the lines prior to the pitch. The umpire should not permit the pitcher to pitch until the batter has taken a legal position in the batter's box, subject to the 10-second rule. In b), LIVE BALL and NO VIOLATION. There is no violation for an illegally batted ball unless the foot is on the ground completely outside the lines of the batter's box or touching the plate (7.4.A, p 38; 7.9, p 39)

280. The home team is playing with a 10 player lineup using the DP/FLEX option. In a), in the top of the second inning, the DP, Humphrey, plays defense for the pitcher, Johnson. In b), in the bottom of the second inning, the coach inserts the FLEX, Nixon, to bat for Johnson.

Ruling - in a), LEGAL. The DP may play defense for a player other than the FLEX player. THAT player will continue to bat but not play defense, and is not considered to have left the game. In b), ILLEGAL PLAYER; the FLEX and her coach are EJECTED. Placing the FLEX player in one of the first 11 positions in the batting order for someone other than the DP is an illegal player (5.4.F, p 31; 5.7.D, p 33)



QUICKIE QUIZ:

Why is "LAST BATTED OUT" a nonsense term in Fastpitch?



There is no definition in any recognized code of what constitutes a 'last batted out". What is a "batted out" anyway?

1) Is a called strikeout a "batted" out, or a "non-batted" one?

2) What about a runner forced out at second base on a fielder's choice for out number three? Is she a batted out, or is the batter (who wasn't put out) the last "batted out"?

To avoid such quandaries, here is a magic term to remember -- LAST COMPLETED AT BAT. The LCAB is defined in Rule 8.3 NOTE!
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:



281. B1 hits a pitched ball on a line over the head of F6, who jumps high in an attempt to catch the ball. F6 extends her arm and accidentally loses her glove from her hand. The glove then touches the ball.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled when the detached glove contacts the ball. When detached player equipment contacts a batted ball, each runner is entitled to advance three bases from the time of the infraction, but the ball remains live. The batter-runner may advance further at her own risk, being in jeopardy after reaching third base (8.14.B.1, p 47; 8.15.B1, p 48; 10.2.B, p 57)

282. B1 hits a ground ball to F6, who throws wildly toward first base. Hustling F2 chases down the ball a) and holds it in her glove, then her momentum carries her into the dugout, or b) fields it while one foot is already in the dugout.

Ruling - in a), the ball is DEAD when the fielder steps into dead ball territory, and each runner is awarded ONE BASE from the time of the infraction. The award is one base when a fielder unintentionally carries a live ball into dead ball territory. In b), the ball is DEAD when it is touched by a fielder who is standing in dead ball territory, and the overthrow rules apply. Each runner is awarded TWO BASES from the time of the throw when a live thrown ball goes into a stand or player's bench. A fielder is out-of-play when one foot is entirely touching out of play (3.CATCH.4.a, p 19; 8.14.C.3, p 47; 8.14.D.5, p 48; 8.15.B&C, p 48)

283. A defensive player uses a multi-colored glove.

Ruling - LEGAL, as long as all other aspects of the glove are legal. The glove may be any combination of colors except the color of the game ball or optic. Glove lacing may NOT be ball colored. Manufacturer's logos are not considered in determination of glove color (2.9.B, p 11)

284. Washington, wearing #11, leads off the game for the visitors with a double. On the lineup card, the first batter is listed as Washington, #1. Before a pitch to the next batter (Adams) the defense appeals that Washington is batting out of order.

Ruling - NO VIOLATION, provided the NAME of the player is correct; the umpire should correct the number on the lineup card and continue playing. First and last name of an eligible player TAKES PRECEDENCE over jersey number if there is a discrepancy in the lineup card (5.1.B, p 29)

285. B1 hits a long fly ball to left field. F7 leaps, but misses the fly ball, which a) hits the top of the fence, then F7's glove, and then goes over the fence, b) hits F7's outstretched glove and then goes over the fence, or c) hits the top of the fence and then goes over the fence. In all three cases, the ball leaves the field in fair territory.

Ruling - in all situations, LIVE BALL until the ball goes out of play. In a), a Ground Rule Double is ruled. When the ball rebounds off the fence and then F7's glove, it is no longer IN FLIGHT. In b) and c), this is a home run (four base award) (3.IN FLIGHT, p 22; 8.14.A.1, p 47; 8.14.C.1, p 47)



QUICKIE QUIZ:

What are the rules differences between USA Elite Select and other USSSA divisions?



In USA Elite Select:

1) Roster Batting is NOT ALLOWED; only a TRADITIONAL LINEUP of 9,10 or 11 batters (with, or without the DP/FLEX) for a max of 12 players may be used

2) Only ONE BATTER MAY BE DROPPED from the batting order, and only if at least 8 batters remain. The Absent Player Automatic Out rule applies

3) NO LCAB Courtesy Runner allowed -- If there is no unused substitute, there is no CR
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


286. R1 is on first base with no outs. B2 hits a pitched ball fair into deep right field. The bounding ball rolls 25 feet beyond the temporary outfield fence. F9 a) raises her hands, or b) chases and plays the ball beyond the fence as both runners safely touch all bases.

Ruling - in a) and b), DEAD BALL when the ball rolls out of play, and each runner is awarded TWO BASES from the TIME OF PITCH. Runners are awarded two bases if a fair-batted ball becomes dead because of bouncing over, or when passing through a fence; the same principle applies when the ball crosses the fence-line extended when there are "open corners" (8.15.A.1, p 48: 8.14.C.1, p 49)

Comment: there is NO RULE, and umpires cannot impose a ground rule, requiring players to "throw their hands up" to have an obviously out-of-play ball declared dead. If it's out-of-play, it's dead, whether the fielder chases ands plays it, or not

Having said that, if a fielder is confident a ball is out of play (when it may not be evident to the umpire), they may elect to NOT PLAY the ball, but umpires should keep the ball live and allow the offense to proceed. The risk in this situation is entirely the defense's.

When the play is over, the umpire may go out, inspect, and if the ball is indeed out-of-play, retroactively "kill" the play and make the appropriate award (two bases on a batted ball)

"Throwing hands up" is one method of a fielder demonstrating she is not playing the ball, but that gesture is NOT a requirement

287. F2 fields a batted ball in front of home plate and throws the ball toward first base. B1, running outside the three-foot running lane in fair territory, blocks F3's view of the thrown ball. F3 does not see the throw and misses catching the ball, which a) does, or b) does not touch B1.

Ruling - in a) and b), provided this is a catchable throw, DEAD BALL and INTERFERENCE. The batter-runner is OUT when they run outside the three-foot running lane and interfere with a fielder or a throw to first base. The fielder must be give a clear view of the thrown ball from a routine fielding position at first base. The ball does not have to make contact with the batter-runner for interference to be ruled if she interferes with receipt of the throw (8.17.F, p 49)

288. A game in progress is suspended a) by the umpires, because rain has made the field unplayable, or b) the Tournament Director, because her lightning detector has alerted.

Ruling - PROPER PROCEDURE; the umpire AND/OR tournament director shall suspend play if the weather or other conditions make play unsafe (4.1, p 26)

289. R1 is on second base with no outs. F1 delivers the first pitch to left-handed B2 and the outside pitch kicks off F2's shin guard. Seeing the wild pitch, R1 breaks for third base as on-deck batter B3 picks up the ball and flips it to F2. In the umpire's judgment, F2 a) would, or b) would not have had an opportunity to make a play on R1.

Ruling - in a) and b), this is a BLOCKED BALL, and the ball is DEAD when touched by the on-deck batter. In a), R1 is ruled out for the ODB's interference. In b), no one is out, but R1 is returned to second base. When the offensive team causes a blocked ball, the runner closest to home is out. However, IF NO PLAY IS OBVIOUS, no player is out, but all runners shall return to the last base touched when the ball became dead (3.BLOCKED BALL, p 18; 8.18.AA, p 53)

290. R1 is on first base with no outs. B2 hits a clear double but is obstructed by F3 while rounding first base. B2 is thrown out a) as she is sliding into second base, or b) as she is diving back to second base after over running or rounding it. In both cases, after B2 is put out, the defense gets R1 in a run down between third base and home and she is tagged out.

Ruling - in a) and b), DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled and OBSTRUCTION should be called when the violation occurs.

In a), when the obstructed runner is put out between the two bases where the obstruction occurred, the DDB becomes a DEAD BALL. B2 should be awarded second base based on the judgment that she would have attained second base, had she not been obstructed. R1 is awarded third base since she is forced by the award to B2 (all play on R1 occurred AFTER the dead ball)

In b), DOUBLE PLAY. Unless the umpire judges that B2 would have safely advanced to third base had she not been obstructed, the DDB ends when she attains second base. She is no longer protected after attaining THAT base, and therefore the out on her STANDS and the ball remains live with other runners in play

(8.13.A-B, D, p 46-47)


"C-FLAP" FACE PROTECTORS ARE NOT LEGAL FOR FASTPITCH

The popularity of this equipment in MLB is causing it to show up at our ball parks around the country. This is a SAFETY ISSUE and the rule is VERY CLEAR:

ALL FASTPITCH BATTING HELMETS SHALL BE EQUIPPED WITH A NOCSAE-APPROVED FACE PROTECTOR. The phrase "meets NOCSAE Standard at the time of manufacture" must be permanently affixed to the face protector

The C-Flap does NOT meet this standard
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


291. R1 is on second base with no outs. B2 hits a ground ball toward the left side of the infield. F6 and R1 collide. In a), the ball is backhanded by F1, who throws the ball to F3 standing on first base. In b), the ball passes F1's outstretched glove untouched and is headed towards F6 when the collision occurs.

Ruling - in a), DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled and OBSTRUCTION called when the collision occurs. F6 is not entitled to initial play protection on the batted ball since it is fielded by F1. The out on B2 will stand, and at the conclusion of the play, if R1 has not attained the base she would have attained had she not been obstructed, she will be awarded the base(s) (in this case, R1 would likely be awarded third base).

In b), DEAD BALL and INTERFERENCE; the runner is called OUT and the batter-runner is awarded first base. F6 is considered to be making an INITIAL PLAY on a batted ball; a runner is out when they hinder a fielder's initial play on a batted ball.

(3.OBSTRUCTION, p 23; 8.5.D, p 44; 8.13, p 46)

292. F7 uses an illegal glove to catch a fly ball and a) the umpires notice the illegal act, or b) the offensive team notices the illegal act and notifies the umpires before a pitch to the next batter.

Ruling - in a) and b), DELAYED DEAD BALL at the time of the infraction; each runner is awarded THREE BASES, but the batter-runner may attempt to advance further at her own risk. This violation is NOT an appeal play that must be discovered by the defense; when the umpire becomes aware of the violation, whether by observation or notification, the rule should be enforced and the illegal glove should be removed from the game or made legal (8.14.B.1, p 47; 8.14.D NOTE 2, p 48)

NOTE: if a fair batted ball is prevented from going over the fence by an illegal glove/mitt, the award is FOUR bases to each runner

293. The playing field has warmup areas down each foul line. As F1 is struggling, the defensive coach sends a warmup catcher and "guard" down to the warmup area to warmup S1. B7 hits a fair ball down the line which contacts a loose ball on the ground beside the warmup catcher.

Ruling - this is a BLOCKED BALL and the ball is DEAD; when a blocked ball is caused by the defense, each runner is awarded base(s) sufficient to NULLIFY the violation (8.14.E.2, p 48)

294. A Youth catcher is wearing a backwards ball cap under a traditional umpire's mask.

Ruling - ILLEGAL; a youth catch must wear a NOCSAE APPROVED HEAD PROTECTOR with dual earflaps (2.2, p 9)

295. After a previous violation, in the fifth inning another player a) enters the box with a cracked bat, b) participates wearing dangerous jewelry, c) carelessly throws (slings) a bat, d) fails to wear a mask with a throat protector when warming up a pitcher, or e) replaces the pitcher on base as an unreported or incorrect courtesy runner.

Ruling - in a), assuming the cracked bat is discovered prior to the batter actually batting the ball, the batter is declared OUT and RESTRICTED and the coach is EJECTED. If not discovered until AFTER the ball is batted, the batter receives the benefit of the doubt that the damage to the bat was caused when the ball was batted and there is NO VIOLATION. Regardless, the umpire should cause the damaged bat to be removed

In b), c) and d), the offender is RESTRICTED and the head coach is EJECTED

In e), if discovered while still on base, the courtesy runner is called OUT and the head coach is EJECTED only for the remainder of the game

(7.14.A EFFECT, p 40; 8.3 PENALTY, p 42; 11.2.A-K PENALTY, p 58)

NOTE: ALL COACH EJECTIONS require a one-game sit-out except when caused by violation of the Courtesy Runner rule. There is NO sitout for player ejections unless administrative sanctions are imposed by a State Director or his/her duly authorized delegate



QUICKIE QUIZ:

When and how should the count be given, and to whom?


The count is given to the pitcher by the umpire WHEN THE PITCHER IS FACING THE PLATE, preferably before she steps on the pitching plate. Balls are given with the left hand and strikes with the right hand. The count should be verbalized using the words "Ball(s)" and "Strike(s)" in the format of "2 balls, 1 strike".

In softball, the number "2" is signaled using the index and middle fingers, not a "hook-em horns" signal. There is no such thing as a "FULL COUNT"; the count should be given as "three balls and two strikes"

Although as an umpire, I've been taught to only give out the count when the count either has 3 balls or 2 strikes, when the next pitch not hit could determine the outcome of the at bat.
 
Feb 13, 2021
880
93
MI
Although as an umpire, I've been taught to only give out the count when the count either has 3 balls or 2 strikes, when the next pitch not hit could determine the outcome of the at bat.
This is a common method/timing of giving the count. I prefer giving the count on the third pitch and any subsequent (This would also include 2-1), when requested, or after any pitch during which a runner advances or is retired (this helps to make sure neither my partner nor I have accidently 'rolled' the count over (i.e. a runner is retired on a steal attempt)).
 
Jun 6, 2016
2,714
113
Chicago
This is a common method/timing of giving the count. I prefer giving the count on the third pitch and any subsequent (This would also include 2-1), when requested, or after any pitch during which a runner advances or is retired (this helps to make sure neither my partner nor I have accidently 'rolled' the count over (i.e. a runner is retired on a steal attempt)).

Big fan of umpires giving the count after some kind of runner advance situation (stolen base/caught stealing/wild pitch/passed ball) because about half the time, I forget what the result of the pitch was since my focus immediately turns to coaching the runner.

I have, rarely, experienced situations where umpires forget to click the result of that pitch (this is usually in one umpire games where they have to make a call on the bases right away). Giving the count right then and there prevents the issue of trying to reconstruct the at bat three pitches later when everybody realizes the count is off.
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


296. R1 is at second base and R2 is at first base with no outs. The first pitch to B3 deflects off F2. The runners advance as the loose pitched ball rolls toward the dugout. F2 throws her mask at the ball, preventing it from going into dead ball territory.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled when the ball is contacted by the detached equipment. Each runner is awarded TWO BASES from the time of the infraction when a thrown ball, including a PITCH, is touched by detached player equipment which is thrown, held, tossed or kicked by a fielder. In this case, if R2 advances beyond third base (assuming the illegal touching occurs before she reached second base), she does so at her own risk and may be put out (8.14.B.2, p 47; 8.14.D.5 NOTE 2, p 48; 8.15.B.1, p 48; 10.2.B, p 57)

297. R1 is on first base with one out. On a hit-and-run, B3 hits a sharp line drive which is caught by F6. F4 steps into the base path and obstructs R1 as she is a) advancing toward second base, or b) returning to retouch first base. In both cases, F6's throw to F3 at first base is in time to retire R1 on the live ball appeal.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled and OBSTRUCTION called when the violation occurs. An exception exists to the general obstruction rule that states an obstructed runner may not be put out between the two bases where the obstruction occurred

In a), the OUT STANDS when an obstructed runner is put out as the result of a proper appeal for the runner leaving a base too soon or missing a base

In b), the runner would be ruled OUT or be awarded the base she is returning to, depending on the umpire's judgment of how the obstruction affected the play. When obstruction occurs during a runner's return to cure a baserunning violation, she is protected if the obstruction PREVENTED HER RETURN prior to the appeal

(8.13.D.4, p 46)

298. Team A has a traditional lineup with 11 batters and is using the DP/FLEX option. In the fifth inning, the FLEX bats for the DP. In the sixth inning, the coach re-enters the DP into her original batting position by a) removing the FLEX from the game, or b) moving the FLEX into the twelth position in the lineup.

Ruling - these are both LEGAL changes, assuming the DP is eligible to re-enter. When the DP is withdrawn in the fifth inning, the lineup size is reduced from an 11-batter, 12-player configuration, to 11 players. In a), the lineup size remains at 11 players when the DP re-enters and the FLEX goes to the bench. In b), the lineup size is restored to 12 players when the DP re-enters and the FLEX stays in the game by returning to the last position in the lineup, which is NOT part of the batting order (5.4.E, p 31)

299. The game is tied 5-5 with two outs in the bottom of the seventh inning with the bases loaded. The game ends on a) an over the fence home run, b) a ground rule double, c) an overthrow at first base into the dugout when the batter hits a one-hopper back to the pitcher, or d) an outfield hit where all runners touch all bases uncontested by the defense.

Ruling - on game-ending dead ball awards (an out-of-the-park home run, ground rule double, or awarded bases for overthrows into dead ball territory), all runs score as if the game were to continue. Therefore, the final score is a) 9-5, b) 7-5, and c) 7-5. In d), the final score is 6-5. The game ends when the home team scores a go-ahead run in the bottom of the seventh inning (4.2.B, p 26; 4.6.A, p 27)

300. In the eighth inning, the incorrect person is placed on second base a) as the tiebreaker runner, or b) as a courtesy runner for the pitcher or catcher. In either case, on the first pitch to the next batter, the runner steals third base. The defense then notifies the plate umpire of the violation.

Ruling - in a), NO PENALTY and ALL ACTION STANDS. If the wrong player is placed on second base, the CORRECT RUNNER SHOULD BE INSERTED IMMEDIATELY, even if a pitch has been thrown or the runner has advanced a base.

In b), the runner is declared OUT and a TEAM WARNING is issued (if a first offense). If an ineligible or incorrect courtesy runner is utilized and discovered while still on base, the courtesy runner shall be called out and a team warning issued; for a subsequent offense, the head coach is ejected for the game only

(4.5, p 27; 8.3.B PENALTY, p 42)


QUICKIE QUIZ:

How is the Tiebreaker Runner determined?


The Tiebreaker runner is the player who had the last completed at bat in regulation. That player is the player whose name is listed in the batting order immediately prior to the scheduled lead-off batter in the Tiebreaker inning

Think of it as a "backwards on-deck batter". For example, if B5 is due to lead off, then

B6 is the on-deck batter, and
B4 is the Tiebreaker runner
 
Aug 25, 2019
1,066
113
USSSA RULES:


301. R1 is on second base and R2 is on first base with one out. Slapper B4 runs forward in the batter's box and a) slaps at the pitch with her bat, or b) holds her bat steady as she runs forward attempting a drag bunt. In either case, the ball is popped high in the air in fair territory.

Ruling - in both cases, LIVE BALL.

In a), assuming the ball can be caught by an infielder with ordinary effort, the INFIELD FLY RULE should be declared and enforced if the ball is ultimately fair. When a batter, regardless of her stance or motion, strikes the ball WITH A SWINGING MOTION, it is NOT A BUNT

In b), the ball is LIVE, but the infield fly rule is inapplicable when the ball is bunted. When executing a drag bunt, the batter's movement of the bat is a function of the batter's forward movement to TAP the ball, NOT a swinging motion with the hands

(3.BUNT, DRAG, p 19, 3.INFIELD FLY, p 22)

302. R1 is on third base and R2 is on first base with no outs. On a fly ball to deep center field, R1 tags up legally and scores. R2 positions herself behind and not in contact with the double first base to get a running start on the caught fly ball.

Ruling - LIVE BALL and a DOUBLE PLAY. A runner is out when she is detected taking a position for a running start behind and not in contact with a base; however, the ball remains LIVE when the violation occurs , so R1's run should count since only two are out (8.18.R, p 52)

303. In the Tiebreaker inning, B7 is scheduled to lead off. However, B6 improperly bats and B5 is placed on second base. B6 walks on four consecutive balls, including the second pitch when B5 steals third base. Before a pitch is made to B7, the defense appeals that B6 batted out of order.

Ruling - VALID APPEAL by the defense, and B7 (the proper batter) is declared out for failure to bat in proper turn. The improper batter (B6) is taken off base, but B5's advance because of the stolen base during improper batter B6's time at bat stands.

B5 (now standing on third base) is the incorrect Tiebreaker Runner; B6, the LCAB from the last inning (she immediately precedes the scheduled Lead-off Batter) should be the TB Runner. If the wrong player is placed on second base, the correct runner should be inserted immediately, EVEN IF A PITCH HAS BEEN THROWN, OR THE RUNNER HAS ADVANCED A BASE

(4.5, p 27; 9.10.A, p 55)

Note: It is the responsibility of the umpire to NOTIFY the teams involved as to which player starts the half-inning at second base

304. S3 has already been in the game as a substitute in the third batting position. After being withdrawn in the fourth inning, she re-enters in the fifth batting position in the fifth inning. The offended team notifies the plate umpire of the violation.

Ruling - once a pitch has been thrown, this re-entry is an ILLEGAL PLAYER violation. A player may be withdrawn and re-entered once, provided she occupies the SAME BATTING POSITION. S3 and her coach are both ejected.

If the illegal player is on offense:

i) if at bat, she may be replaced by an eligible substitute who assumes the count

ii) if after a completed at bat and before the next pitch, she is called out, and runner advances due to the illegal player becoming a batter-runner are negated

iii) if a baserunner is still on base, she is called out

If the illegal player is on defense and has made a play:

iv) the offense has the choice of the result of the play or replaying the pitch

(5.7, p 32)

305. R1 is on second base with no outs. B2 swings and misses three straight pitches, and goes into the dugout. However, in a), R1 leaves early on the second pitch and is properly called out. In b), the third pitch is in the dirt and F2 short-hops it.

Ruling - in a), B2 is returned to the batter's box to complete her at bat with a no ball, two strike count. On the second pitch, the ball is DEAD, NO PITCH is declared and the runner is OUT. In b), the ball is LIVE when the batter becomes a batter-runner pursuant to the uncaught third strike rule. The batter-runner is OUT when she enters the bench or dugout area (6.4.B, p 37; 8.4.B, p 43; 8.17.J, p 50


QUICKIE QUIZ:

When is a ball DELAYED DEAD? What is the Delayed Dead Ball signal?


i) an illegal pitch is DELIVERED
ii) obstruction
iii) umpire interference with a throw by F2
iv) coach assistance of a runner
v) ball is touched with an illegal glove
vi) helmet removal during a live ball

A DDB SIGNAL is indicated by extending the left arm straight out at shoulder height, parallel to the ground. The hand is in a fist with the fingers of the fist facing FORWARD (not down)
 
Aug 25, 2019
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USSSA RULES:


306. F6 scoops up a ground ball and throws to F3 in time to retire lead-off batter B1 at first base. After the play and before the next pitch, the base coach notifies the umpire that F3 is wearing a catcher's mitt.

Ruling - LEGAL, provided the mitt does not exceed the size specifications. Mitts may be worn by ANY PLAYER, as long as it doesn't exceed the size specifications

If the glove is found to be illegal, the play is enforced as a DELAYED DEAD BALL; each runner is awarded two bases based on runner position at the time the ball is touched. Runners are awarded two bases when a live thrown ball is touched by an illegal glove. Any runner who advances beyond the awarded bases does so at her own risk and may be put out (8.14.C.2, p 47; 8.14 NOTE 2, p 48; 8.15.B.1, p 48; 10.2.E, p 57)

307. A pitched ball is hit over the left-fielder's head to the fence. As the batter-runner rounds first base, she is obstructed and is subsequently thrown out by a wide margin at a) second base, b) third base, or c) home plate.

Ruling - DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled and OBSTRUCTION should be called when the violation occurs. When an obstructed runner is put out AND an award is to be made, the ball becomes DEAD

In a), since the infraction occurred between first and second bases, the runner may NOT BE PUT OUT between those two bases. (see NOTE below). If the umpire judges that the runner would have attained second base if she had not been obstructed, the runner is awarded second base; otherwise, she is awarded first base

In b) and c), the ball remains LIVE and the out STANDS if the umpire judges that the runner would not attain the base to which she is attempting to advance beyond second base, whether she was obstructed or not. Once the runner passes second base, she is liable to be put out if the obstruction did not affect the outcome of the play

(8.13, p 46-47)

NOTE: there are four exceptions to the General Obstruction rule that a runner may not be put out between the two bases where the obstruction occurred. "Being Protected" does NOT give the obstructed runner a license to commit the following violations:

1) interference or malicious contact;
2) passing a runner
3) leaving a base too soon on a caught batted ball or missing a base, if properly appealed
4) once the obstructed runner attains the base she would have made had she not been obstructed and there is a subsequent play, the runner is no longer protected if she leaves that base

308. An offensive player removes her helmet intentionally a) while rounding first base, b) after scoring or being put out but still on the field of play, or c) as she steps on home plate after an over-the-fence home run.

Ruling - in USSSA Fastpitch, NOBODY IS EVER CALLED OUT FOR HELMET REMOVAL; however, base runners must wear a batting helmet in live ball territory EVEN WHEN THE BALL IS DEAD

In a), DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled. In b) (if the out is not the third out), DELAYED DEAD BALL should be signaled. In b) (if the out IS the third out) and c), since the ball is DEAD, no signal is given, but the infraction should be called (2.1, p 8; 10.2.F, p 57; 11.2.C, p 58)

309. A runner is injured sliding into second base. Since her team has no substitutes, the offensive coach replaces her on second base with an LCAB runner. The next inning, the injured player has recovered and the coach wishes to re-enter her in the game. The injury was a) a sprained ankle, or b) bleeding which has been adequately bandaged and taped.

Ruling - when an ABSENT PLAYER position is created because a team has no substitute and that player is due to bat, the team incurs an OUT. However, if an Absent Player position is created DUE TO INJURY while a player is running bases, she may be replaced temporarily by an LCAB runner to fulfill that baserunning responsibility only

In a), ILLEGAL; an absent player may not return to the lineup. In b), LEGAL (provided the player has a re-entry remaining); an exception exists if an the Absent Player LEFT THE GAME UNDER THE BLOOD RULE (5.2.A.1-2, p 30)

310. B1 bunts the ball fair and as she exits the batter's box, she drops the bat in fair territory and a) the moving bat contacts the ball, or b) the ball contacts the bat, which is motionless.

Ruling - in a), DEAD BALL, the batter-runner is declared OUT, and no runners may advance. In b), LIVE BALL and NO VIOLATION (7.14.F)

Mechanics Tip: in situation b), giving a "Safe" (that's nothing/no violation) signal is an appropriate mechanic to SELL the no-call. This is acceptable in USSSA Fastpitch, but would not be approved in high school if your state uses NFHS/USA SB mechanics
 

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